Critical Apache Commons Text Vulnerability Enables Remote Code Execution

A critical remote code execution vulnerability has been discovered in Apache Commons Text, posing severe risks to organizations worldwide.

The flaw, tracked as CVE-2025-46295, affects all versions before 1.10.0 of this widely used Java library for text manipulation and processing.

The Vulnerability

The vulnerability resides in Apache Commons Text’s interpolation features, which substitute variables and expressions within text strings.

Security researchers discovered that when applications pass untrusted input directly into the text-substitution API, attackers can exploit specific interpolators to trigger malicious actions.

These interpolators can execute system commands or access external resources, enabling complete remote code execution on affected systems.

The attack vector is particularly dangerous because many developers may not realize the security implications of passing user-controlled input to text-substitution functions.

Applications that accept user input and process it via vulnerable interpolation methods become immediate targets for exploitation.

Attackers can craft specially formatted input strings containing interpolation expressions that execute arbitrary commands with the application’s privileges.

This straightforward exploitation method requires only the ability to control input strings passed to affected functions, making it accessible to threat actors of varying skill levels.

Apache has released version 1.14.0, which addresses this vulnerability by removing or restricting dangerous interpolation functionality.

Organizations using affected versions of Apache Commons Text are strongly urged to apply an immediate patch.

FileMaker Server users can protect their systems by upgrading to version 22.0.4 or later, which includes the patched Apache Commons Text 1.14.0.

According to Claris, the vulnerability was responsibly disclosed by an anonymous security researcher, allowing developers adequate time to prepare patches before widespread exploitation.

System administrators should prioritize updating all applications and services utilizing Apache Commons Text to version 1.14.0 or later.

Organizations should conduct thorough audits to identify where untrusted input might be processed through text-interpolation functions.

For enterprises managing multiple FileMaker deployments, upgrading to version 22.0.4 or newer should be scheduled immediately to maintain security posture.

This discovery underscores the ongoing need to scrutinize third-party libraries for security vulnerabilities, as flaws in widely used components can affect thousands of applications across industries.

Prompt action is essential to prevent exploitation of this critical vulnerability in your environment.

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